TGF-β signaling in health, disease and therapeutics

🤖 Plain-English Summary

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a multifunctional cytokine expressed by almost every tissue and cell type. TGF-β-targeting therapies which have brought fresh hope to the treatment of relevant diseases are highlighted.

🔑 Key Findings

• The signal transduction of TGF-β can stimulate diverse cellular responses and is particularly critical to embryonic development, wound healing, tissue homeostasis, and immune homeostasis in health.
• The dysfunction of TGF-β can play key roles in many diseases, and numerous targeted therapies have been developed to rectify its pathogenic activity.
• In the past decades, a large number of studies on TGF-β signaling have been carried out, covering a broad spectrum of topics in health, disease, and therapeutics.

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