Autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis in tumor immunotherapy

🤖 Plain-English Summary

In recent years, immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has led to unprecedented breakthroughs in cancer treatment. Thus, targeted therapies (inducers or inhibitors) against autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis in combination with immunotherapy may exert potent antitumor activity, even in tumors resistant to ICIs.

🔑 Key Findings

• However, the fact that many tumors respond poorly or even not to ICIs, partly caused by the absence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), significantly limits the application of ICIs.
• Converting these immune "cold" tumors into "hot" tumors that may respond to ICIs is an unsolved question in cancer immunotherapy.
• Since it is a general characteristic of cancers to resist apoptosis, induction of non-apoptotic regulated cell death (RCD) is emerging as a new cancer treatment strategy.

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