IEEE Photonics Technology Letters

Abstract—The combination of RZ-DQPSK with polarization division multiplex, a 16-ary modulation scheme, allows for ultimate spectral efficiency. We raise C band fiber capacity with phase shift keying transmission beyond previously reported figures, achieving FEC limit performance over 4 fiber spans.

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• 1 We raise C band fiber capacity with phase shift keying transmission beyond previously reported figures, achieving FEC limit performance over 4 fiber spans.
• 2 Index Terms—Differential phase shift keying, Quadrature phase shift keying, Polarization, Wavelength division multiplexing I.

This work deepens our understanding of the fundamental laws governing the universe, from subatomic particles to cosmic structures.

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