Recent development of hydrogen and fuel cell technologies: A review

Hydrogen has emerged as a new energy vector beyond its usual role as an industrial feedstock, primarily for the production of ammonia, methanol, and petroleum refining. A special consideration of PEMFCs in automotive applications is the highlight of this work, leading to the infrastructure development for hydrogen generation, storage, and transportation.

⚡ This is an original paraphrased summary — not copied from the abstract. Full paper available at the source link below.

• 1 In addition to environmental sustainability issues, energy-scarce developed countries, such as Japan and Korea, are also facing an energy security issue, and hydrogen or hydrogen carriers, such as ammonia and methylcyclohexane, seem to be options to address these long-term energy availability issues.
• 2 China has been eagerly developing renewable energy and hydrogen infrastructure to meet their sustainability goals and the growing energy demand.
• 3 In this review, we focus on hydrogen electrification through proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), which are widely believed to be commercially suitable for automotive applications, particularly for vehicles requiring minimal hydrogen infrastructure support, such as fleets of taxies, buses, and logistic vehicles.

These innovations can translate to real-world improvements in technology, infrastructure, and everyday tools.

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