Job Demands–Resources Theory: Ten Years Later

Burnout refers to a work-related state of exhaustion and a sense of cynicism. We discuss four major innovations of the past decade, namely ( a) the person × situation approach of JD-R, ( b) multilevel JD-R theory, ( c) new proactive approaches in JD-R theory, and ( d) the work–home resources model.

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• 1 In contrast, work engagement is a positive motivational state of vigor, dedication, and absorption.
• 2 In this article, we discuss the concepts of burnout and work engagement and review their antecedents and consequences.
• 3 We look back at our inaugural Annual Reviews article ( Bakker and colleagues

These innovations can translate to real-world improvements in technology, infrastructure, and everyday tools.

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