Current hydrogel advances in physicochemical and biological response-driven biomedical application diversity

Hydrogel is a type of versatile platform with various biomedical applications after rational structure and functional design that leverages on material engineering to modulate its physicochemical properties (e.g., stiffness, pore size, viscoelasticity, microarchitecture, degradability, ligand presentation, stimulus-responsive properties, etc.) and influence cell signaling cascades and fate. More significantly, the clinical translation potential and trials of hydrogels were presented, accompanied...

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• 1 In the past few decades, a plethora of pioneering studies have been implemented to explore the cell-hydrogel matrix interactions and figure out the underlying mechanisms, paving the way to the lab-to-clinic translation of hydrogel-based therapies.
• 2 In this review, we first introduced the physicochemical properties of hydrogels and their fabrication approaches concisely.
• 3 Subsequently, the comprehensive description and deep discussion were elucidated, wherein the influences of different hydrogels properties on cell behaviors and cellular signaling events were highlighted.

These innovations can translate to real-world improvements in technology, infrastructure, and everyday tools.

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